Artificial Intelligence(AI): most Insightful facts, what is AI ?, future, benefits and risks.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

#KNOW YOUR FUTURE 

Artificial Intelligence, or AI, has already received a lot of buzz in the past decade, but it continues to be one of the new technology trends because of its notable effects on how we live, work and play are only in the early stages. AI is already known for its superiority in image and speech recognition, navigation apps, smartphone personal assistants, ride-sharing apps and so much more.

Other than that AI will be used further to analyze interactions to determine underlying connections and insights, to help predict demand for services like hospitals enabling authorities to make better decisions about resource utilization, and to detect the changing patterns of customer behaviour by analyzing data in near real-time, driving revenues and enhancing personalized experiences.

The AI market will grow to a $190 billion industry by 2025 with global spending on cognitive and AI systems reaching over $57 billion in 2021.  With AI spreading its wings across sectors, new jobs will be created in development, programming, testing, support and maintenance, to name a few. On the other hand AI also offers some of the highest salaries today ranging from over $1,25,000 per year (machine learning engineer) to $145,000 per year (AI architect) - making it the top new technology trend you must watch out for!

Machine Learning the subset of AI, is also being deployed in all kinds of industries, creating a huge demand for skilled professionals. Forrester predicts AI, machine learning, and automation will create 9 percent of new U.S. jobs by 2025, jobs including robot monitoring professionals, data scientists, automation specialists, and content curators, making it another new technology trend you must keep in mind too!

What is artificial intelligence ?

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving.

The ideal characteristic of artificial intelligence is its ability to rationalize and take actions that have the best chance of achieving a specific goal. 

A subset of artificial intelligence is machine learning, which refers to the concept that computer programs can automatically learn from and adapt to new data without being assisted by humans. Deep learning techniques enable this automatic learning through the absorption of huge amounts of unstructured data such as text, images, or video.

Keys of Artificial intelligence.

 

#Artificial intelligence refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines.

#The goals of artificial intelligence include learning, reasoning, and perception.

#AI is being used across different industries including finance and healthcare.

#Weak AI tends to be simple and single-task oriented, while strong AI carries on tasks that are more complex and human-like.

How does artificial intelligence work ?

Less than a decade after breaking the Nazi encryption machine Enigma and helping the Allied Forces win World War II, mathematician Alan Turing changed history a second time with a simple question: "Can machines think ?" 

Turing's paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" (1950), and it's subsequent Turing Test, established the fundamental goal and vision of artificial intelligence.  

At it's core, AI is the branch of computer science that aims to answer Turing's question in the affirmative. It is the endeavor to replicate or simulate human intelligence in machines.

The expansive goal of artificial intelligence has given rise to many questions and debates. So much so, that no singular definition of the field is universally accepted.  

The major limitation in defining AI as simply "building machines that are intelligent" is that it doesn't actually explain what artificial intelligence is? What makes a machine intelligent?

In their groundbreaking textbook Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, authors Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig approach the question by unifying their work around the theme of intelligent agents in machines. With this in mind, AI is "the study of agents that receive percepts from the environment and perform actions." (Russel and Norvig viii)

Norvig and Russell go on to explore four different approaches that have historically defined the field of AI.

#Thinking humanly.

#Thinking rationally.

#Acting humanly.

#Acting rationally.

The first two ideas concern thought processes and reasoning, while the others deal with behavior. Norvig and Russell focus particularly on rational agents that act to achieve the best outcome, noting "all the skills needed for the Turing Test also allow an agent to act rationally." (Russel and Norvig 4).

Patrick Winston, the Ford professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT, defines AI as  "algorithms enabled by constraints, exposed by representations that support models targeted at loops that tie thinking, perception and action together."

While these definitions may seem abstract to the average person, they help focus the field as an area of computer science and provide a blueprint for infusing machines and programs with machine learning and other subsets of artificial intelligence. 

While addressing a crowd at the Japan AI Experience in 2017,  DataRobot CEO Jeremy Achin began his speech by offering the following definition of how AI is used today.

"AI is a computer system able to perform tasks that ordinarily require human intelligence. Many of these artificial intelligence systems are powered by machine learning, some of them are powered by deep learning and some of them are powered by very boring things like rules." 

Benefits and Risks

The future of Artificial Intelligence seems promising automated housing, cities and smart homes, advanced medical care and many other improved areas. However, for it to prosper, we, as a human race, have to intensify and find the most appropriate methods to master technology. At the current stage, it has not been completed and, along its benefits, AI can cause many risks.

Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft, in his recent interview, said that artificial intelligence could be compared to nuclear weapons. He affirms his opinion by saying that as much as this new technology is promising, we don't know how to treat it properly. 

He said that without the appropriate knowledge, AI becomes overwhelming and dangerous for society.

#Benefits 

#Task Optimization: The main objective of most new era technologies is to optimize our daily tasks and make the process more efficient. 

AI is no exception. It allows machines to perform general and more advanced operations.

 

For example, systems such as Amazon Alexa can perform functions such as ordering products, playing your favorite music or making to-do lists. Another use case is autonomous vehicles that are navigated using AI technology. These examples illustrate how AI can help eliminate unnecessary tasks.

#Reduction of human error: By automating operations, we can successfully avoid most man-made errors. AI is an ideal example of how a machine can reduce errors and accelerate processes. 

Computers are more resistant to external damage than they do with a significant level of accuracy and can do the same task faster than their human counterparts. 

For example, NASA sends robots based on artificial intelligence to explore space, since technology is more immune to damage and errors.

Applicable to different industries, from the health sector to aviation, AI is thriving with its innovative solutions. The concept of artificial intelligence is flexible: that means it can be easily implemented for several reasons. 

It can be used so successfully to navigate a vehicle as to perform surgery. The ease of implementation makes it one of the most versatile technologies of our era.

#Risks 

#High costs: On the other hand, artificial intelligence can cause some disadvantages. One of the biggest concerns for companies is the high cost. AI itself is a complex mechanism, therefore, creating and installing it in the business requires a lot of money. 

Not to mention that it must be updated continuously, and in the case of an error or damage, it costs thousands to fix it. 

As a result, most of the companies that use it are large and established companies.

#Lack of improvement with experience: AI was developed to help human beings and facilitate our daily tasks. However, technology lacks the main point of this concept personal improvement. 

Colloquially, it can perform disconcerting operations, however, it is not learned or improved. Unlike AI, humans can execute a task, gain experience and, over time, move on to more complicated tasks.

#It can cause unemployment: when it comes to artificial intelligence, unemployment is the main concern. 

People fear that advanced technology such as AI can easily replace them, since it does not require a salary and can perform the same functions consistently. 

As this problem may sound more like a sci-fi movie scenario, it can happen. However, in the degree of progress, AI mainly threatens some of the blue collar jobs.

The concept of artificial intelligence is difficult to understand, especially when it comes to possible threats or prosperity. 

At the current stage, artificial intelligence still requires a lot of attention and improvement, and yet it can benefit society in many ways. 

Technology can accelerate daily operations and provide the advantage of a faster, more sustainable and efficient environment. Taking into account all the dangers it can cause, we can improve this innovation and develop it so that it is impeccable for our society.